Robotic thoracic surgery has entered a new era. Across Europe and China, chemo-immunotherapy (CT-IO) is transforming not only indications and tumor biology, but the very landscape we encounter in the operating room. We now operate on down-staged diseases, on tissues remodeled by immunotherapy, and on patients whose perioperative risk profiles have been altered, sometimes subtly, sometimes profoundly. The fundamental questions of our time have never been more pressing: when should we operate, what should we resect, and how can we do so with the highest standards of safety and precision? SERTS (the Sino-European Summit on Robotic Thoracic Surgery) was born from this shared reality. Conceived as a collaborative initiative between Europe and China, it unites two communities renowned for their high-volume experience, complementary perspectives, and common ambition: to advance toward surgery that is safer, more innovative, and increasingly personalized for each patient.